199Challenge Profile / JP
topaz#1729
Latest Riot challenge data cached by Lolytics.
Updated 1d ago
13,290
Challenge crystal
Platinum
Overall challenge tier
272
272 cached rows
May 8
Riot payload refresh
Challenge Progress
Earned and progressed challenges
272 cached challenges
The Jukes!
#79,721 | Top 2.1% | 5,301
#79,721
Ladder placement
Dinner's Ready
#21,735 | Top 0.6% | 4,915
#21,735
Ladder placement
Incredible Value
#32,495 | Top 0.8% | 184
#32,495
Ladder placement
Gets The Wurm
#16,086 | Top 0.4% | 151
#16,086
Ladder placement
Unkillable Demon King
#24,298 | Top 0.6% | 120
#24,298
Ladder placement
Clean Clears
#19,066 | Top 0.5% | 86
#19,066
Ladder placement
Meat Shield
#17,945 | Top 0.5% | 67
#17,921
Ladder placement
Get Paid, and Get Out
#-27,795 | Top 2.9% | 19,860,063
#1
Ladder placement
Field Medic
#16,557 | Top 0.4% | 2,121,216
#16,557
Ladder placement
Ability Abuse
#41,685 | Top 1.1% | 402,778
#41,685
Ladder placement
Do These Things Have Souls?
#49,796 | Top 1.3% | 197,147
#49,796
Ladder placement
Immediate Immobilization
#54,073 | Top 1.4% | 33,907
#54,073
Ladder placement
Little Inanimate Spies
#12,728 | Top 0.3% | 23,658
#12,728
Ladder placement
Team Takedown
#44,682 | Top 1.2% | 16,688
#44,682
Ladder placement
Stun n Gun
#44,404 | Top 1.2% | 7,669
#44,404
Ladder placement
Darkness is Everywhere
#20,039 | Top 0.5% | 6,723
#20,039
Ladder placement
Go Where You Please
#43,796 | Top 1.1% | 4,219
#43,796
Ladder placement
Turret Toppler
#46,869 | Top 1.2% | 2,774
#46,869
Ladder placement
Goodbye to the Darkness!
#-36,877 | Top 3.8% | 2,347
#1
Ladder placement
Lizard Hunting
#39,322 | Top 1% | 2,032
#39,322
Ladder placement
No Quarter
#63,717 | Top 1.7% | 1,966
#63,717
Ladder placement
Master of the Rift
#34,287 | Top 0.9% | 1,918
#34,287
Ladder placement
Making the Dream Work
#25,857 | Top 0.7% | 1,455
#25,857
Ladder placement
Nice Try
#34,626 | Top 0.9% | 1,123
#34,626
Ladder placement
Killing Spree Spree
#60,744 | Top 1.6% | 946
#60,744
Ladder placement
Resourceful
#37,880 | Top 1% | 660
#37,880
Ladder placement
Champion
Top 5.2% | 620
Earn progress from challenges in the Champion group
The Brush Has Eyes
#71,960 | Top 1.9% | 552
#71,960
Ladder placement
Ward Ward-en
#36,985 | Top 1% | 537
#36,985
Ladder placement
Damage Dispenser
#61,020 | Top 1.6% | 536
#61,020
Ladder placement
KDA Player
#18,741 | Top 0.5% | 518
#18,741
Ladder placement
Movin' On Up
#34,319 | Top 0.9% | 518
#34,319
Ladder placement
Wurm Fishing
#44,688 | Top 1.2% | 511
#44,688
Ladder placement
Top Performer
#32,296 | Top 0.8% | 466
#32,296
Ladder placement
Steadfast
Top 2.9% | 440
Earn progress from challenges in the Steadfast group
Domination
Top 1.9% | 440
Earn progress from challenges in the Domination group
Support Subsidy
#10,682 | Top 0.3% | 423
#10,682
Ladder placement
Baron Power Play
#52,586 | Top 1.4% | 366
#52,586
Ladder placement
Support Diff
#20,262 | Top 0.5% | 332
#20,262
Ladder placement
Flawless Ace
#51,677 | Top 1.3% | 330
#51,677
Ladder placement
Mystic
Top 1.8% | 300
Earn progress from challenges in the Mystic group
On Another Level
#47,121 | Top 1.2% | 265
#47,121
Ladder placement
Visionary
Top 2.3% | 260
Earn progress from challenges in the Visionary group
Bot Diff
#36,270 | Top 0.9% | 256
#36,270
Ladder placement
Shoddy Construction
#38,629 | Top 1% | 252
#38,629
Ladder placement
Lane Domination
#56,368 | Top 1.5% | 200
#56,368
Ladder placement
Jungle Diff
#60,998 | Top 1.6% | 188
#60,998
Ladder placement
Global Defense System
#-116,637 | Top 11.9% | 168
#1
Ladder placement
Spice of Life
Top 5.2% | 168
Obtain <em>champions</em>
Soul Sweep
#27,577 | Top 0.7% | 142
#27,577
Ladder placement
Lane Command
#65,244 | Top 1.7% | 125
#65,244
Ladder placement
Can't Miss
#14,089 | Top 0.4% | 95
#14,089
Ladder placement
DPS Threat
#-107,013 | Top 10.9% | 79
#1
Ladder placement
Uninhibited
Top 2.5% | 75
Win after losing an inhibitor
Incandescent
Top 5.4% | 74
Obtain <em>mage champions</em>
No Capstone Unturned
Top 4.3% | 51
Reach Gold tier on Capstones
Invulnerable
Top 6% | 44
Obtain <em>tank champions</em>
Inspiring
Top 7.7% | 43
Obtain <em>support champions</em>
Ingenious
Top 5.3% | 33
Obtain <em>marksman champions</em>
Immortal
Top 4% | 30
Win a game with more than eight kills without dying
Right Under Their Noses
Top 2.2% | 23
Recall while unseen by a nearby champion
No Loyalty Among Dragons
Top 2.9% | 22
Take Elder Dragons when enemy has the Dragon Soul
Open Victory
Top 6.4% | 22
Win with an open nexus
It Has "Ultimate" In the Name!
#-55,923 | Top 5.7% | 22
#1
Ladder placement
ARAM Legend
#22,127 | Top 0.6% | 21
#22,127
Ladder placement
Comeback Kids
Top 2.4% | 17
Win after being down 15 kills
Lane Domination: 2024 Split 3
Top 4.7% | 16
Be up 20% gold and XP at 14min
Get Over Here
#36,625 | Top 1% | 11
#36,625
Ladder placement
Dragon's Fury
Top 1.9% | 9
Get multikills with Elder Dragon
Flawless Victory
Top 8.3% | 4
Win a Perfect Game
Everyone Pays!
Top 3.7% | 269,907
Earn bounty gold
Above-Average Assistance
Top 4% | 13,559
Get Assists
Hard Day's Killin'
Top 3.9% | 8,008
Get Kills
EXPERTISE
Top 3.1% | 4,050
EXPERTISE capstone
VETERANCY
Top 3% | 3,310
VETERANCY capstone
Medal of Honor
Top 4.2% | 2,500
Earn progress from challenges in the Executioner, Commando, Resourceful, and Mystic groups
Brush Fanatic
Top 4.2% | 1,908
Get takedowns with an ally after hiding in brush for 3+s
Might
Top 2.2% | 1,365
Earn progress from challenges in the Flair, Behemoth, Slayer, and Predator groups
Ascendant
Top 4% | 1,260
Earn progress from challenges in the Domination, Unrivaled, and Perfection groups
Determination
Top 5.8% | 1,205
Earn progress from challenges in the Monster Hunter, Steadfast, and Symbiosis groups
Captain
Top 3.4% | 1,140
Earn progress from challenges in the Strategy, Demolition, Synergy, and Team Spirit groups
Buff Burglar
Top 1.7% | 1,032
Take enemy buffs
Cleverness and Creativity
Top 3% | 745
Earn progress from challenges in the Style, Innovation, and Tactician groups
Multikill Madness
Top 3.9% | 741
Get Multikills
Fun with Friends
Top 3.7% | 662
Play games with a group
Executioner
Top 4.3% | 625
Earn progress from challenges in the Executioner group
Mastermind
Top 4% | 620
Earn progress from challenges in the Cornerstone and Visionary groups
Commando
Top 3.3% | 595
Earn progress from challenges in the Commando group
Ace
Top 2% | 390
Earn progress from challenges in the Ace group
Unrivaled
Top 3.6% | 380
Earn progress from challenges in the Unrivaled group
Monster Hunter
Top 5.3% | 345
Earn progress from challenges in the Monster Hunter group
Darkness Distributer
Top 1.9% | 341
Take down the most wards in the game
Strategy
Top 4.6% | 340
Earn progress from challenges in the Strategy group
ARAM Warrior
Top 4.2% | 340
Earn progress from challenges in the ARAM Warrior group
Synergy
Top 3.7% | 325
Earn progress from challenges in the Synergy group
Flair
Top 3.4% | 295
Earn progress from challenges in the Flair group
All-Seeing
Top 1.8% | 283
Have over 2 vision score per minute
Adept
Top 4.9% | 265
Earn progress from challenges in the Adept group
A Drake and a Hard Place
Top 2.9% | 261
Kill opponents with help from an Epic monster
Slayer
Top 3% | 260
Earn progress from challenges in the Slayer group
Bouncer
Top 2.2% | 237
Get the highest crowd control score in the game
Dragon On Too Long
Top 2% | 233
Take down first dragon before eight minutes
Perfection
Top 5.3% | 220
Earn progress from challenges in the Perfection group
Team Spirit
Top 4.5% | 210
Earn progress from challenges in the Team Spirit group
Symbiosis
Top 7% | 200
Earn progress from challenges in the Symbiosis group
Cornerstone
Top 1.8% | 200
Earn progress from challenges in the Cornerstone group
Alcove Gaming
Top 2.6% | 189
Take down opponents in the alcove
Farm Champs not Camps
Top 3.3% | 179
As jungler, get kills on laners before 10 minutes
Behemoth
Top 3.7% | 175
Earn progress from challenges in the Behemoth group
Tactician
Top 3.1% | 160
Earn progress from challenges in the Tactician group
Style
Top 3.4% | 155
Earn progress from challenges in the Style group
Target Selection
Top 4.7% | 143
Take down junglers near a damaged Epic Monster
Bloodcrazed
Top 5% | 137
Get First Bloods
Mid Diff
Top 2.8% | 135
Win games as Mid
Pain Prescriber
Top 3.6% | 117
Deal the most damage to champions in the game
Legendary Legend
Top 3.2% | 91
Become Legendary
Entitled
Top 3.2% | 82
Earn titles from challenges
Indomitable
Top 6.6% | 58
Obtain <em>fighter champions</em>
Invisible
Top 6.6% | 44
Obtain <em>assassin champions</em>
Not Even a Scratch
Top 4.5% | 36
Take 10k damage in a fight and survive
Plant Tactics
Top 3.2% | 19
Use blast cones to escape enemies
Ward Hunter
Top 2.9% | 15
Destroy 10 wards before 20 minutes
Lightning Round
Top 8.7% | 7
Win games before 13 min
We're Good Over Here
Top 4% | 6
Win with a 5-stack with 3+ <em>poke champs</em>
Hold That Pose
Top 4.7% | 6
Win with a 5-stack with 3+ <em>champs with 2+ immobilizing spells</em>
Nowhere to Hide
Top 3.6% | 5
Win with a 5-stack of <em>champs with 3+ global abilities</em>
Victorious Regalia
Top 3.3% | 4
Collect <em>victorious champion skins</em>
Can of Wurms
Top 10.7% | 4
Kill three Barons in a single game
Draconic Extinction
Top 9.6% | 3
Kill two Elder Dragons in a single game
Wise Master
Top 7.4% | 2,202,726
Earn Mastery Points
One-Trick
Top 7.5% | 234,055
Gain Mastery Points on a single champion
TEAMWORK
Top 5.2% | 3,110
TEAMWORK capstone
IMAGINATION
Top 6.2% | 1,595
IMAGINATION capstone
Solo Bolo
Top 4.3% | 1,290
Get solo kills
COLLECTION
Top 5.8% | 1,225
COLLECTION capstone
Scuttle Along Now
Top 3.4% | 1,219
Kill scuttle crabs
Give 'em Shell, Shelly
Top 4.7% | 1,170
Take turrets with Rift Herald
Never Tell Me the Odds
Top 5.4% | 1,008
Get kills while outnumbered
Insec-urity Breach
Top 6.4% | 743
Knock back enemies to your team and get a takedown
Sage
Top 2.7% | 710
Earn progress from challenges in the Guru, Virtuoso, and Ace groups
ARAM Authority
Top 7.1% | 685
Earn progress from challenges in the ARAM Warrior, ARAM Finesse, and ARAM Champion groups
Harmony
Top 4.2% | 430
Earn progress from challenges in the Harmony group
Predator
Top 3.2% | 415
Earn progress from challenges in the Predator group
Innovation
Top 6.1% | 270
Earn progress from challenges in the Innovation group
Magnum Opus
Top 4.2% | 260
Earn progress from challenges in the Magnum Opus group
Overachiever
Top 5.9% | 235
Earn progress from challenges in the Overachiever group
Superior Supporting
Top 1.3% | 233
Finish your support quest faster than your opponent
Shell Collecting
Top 4% | 225
Take down Rift Heralds
Been Here a While
Top 7.1% | 199
Increase your summoner level
Splitpush Strategy
Top 4% | 194
Take side lane turrets solo without dying
Target Secured
Top 3.7% | 187
Secure Epic Monsters with the enemy jungler nearby
Golden
Top 6.4% | 179
Have more than 450 gold per minute in a game
Challenges are Forever
Top 4.3% | 96
Reach Diamond tier on different challenges
Synchronicity
Top 3.1% | 85
Earn progress from challenges in the Synchronicity group
Crab Wrangler
Top 1.5% | 81
Take both of the first scuttle crab spawns
Shattered Plates
Top 5.8% | 74
Destroy turrets before plates fall
Level 1 Fiesta
Top 5.4% | 57
Get takedowns before jungle camps spawn
Blink and You'll Miss It
Top 3.1% | 50
Kill champions from full health in 1.5 seconds
Invincible
Top 2.4% | 31
Win without dying with <em>different champions</em>
Get On My Level
Top 3.7% | 30
Get takedowns after gaining an early level advantage
One Stone
Top 4.9% | 24
Kill two players with one ability cast
Flame Horizon
Top 2.4% | 20
Win games with 100+ more CS than role opponent
Death Incarnate
Top 3.9% | 14
Take down 12 champions within 15 minutes
Who Needs 'Em
Top 14.5% | 5
Win a game despite an AFK teammate
ARAM Eradication
Top 5.4% | 4
Get Pentakills
Prodigy
Top 12.5% | 3
Become Legendary within 15 minutes
It's My Jungle Now
Top 0.6% | 3
Before 10 minutes, take more of the opponent's jungle than them
Double Ace
Top 5.8% | 3
Have both teams be aced in the same fight
Overwhelming Presence
Top 11.6% | 2
As a laner, in 1 game, get kills outside your lane before 10 min
Dine In
Top 3.8% | 24,309 / 30,000
Kill jungle monsters in your jungle
Another Day, Another Bullseye
Top 7.4% | 11,826 / 15,000
Hit skillshots on champions
It was a... Near-Hit
Top 7.6% | 9,988 / 21,600
Dodge skillshots
Free Money
Top 7.2% | 7,325 / 17,000
Kill minions
Farm Champs Not Minions
Top 6.6% | 5,783 / 12,500
Get Takedowns
Dine Out
Top 4.2% | 3,040 / 4,000
Kill jungle monsters in the enemy jungle
Alliance
Top 3% | 620 / 1,030
Earn progress from challenges in the Clash, Synchronicity, Harmony, and Globetrotter groups
No Hiding
Top 7.8% | 407 / 650
Kill enemies near one of their turrets
That Was Close
Top 3.2% | 355 / 375
Save an ally with a heal or shield
ARAM Champion
Top 9.7% | 140 / 185
Earn progress from challenges in the ARAM Champion group
Guru
Top 6.5% | 130 / 160
Earn progress from challenges in the Guru group
2024 Seasonal: Split 3
Top 9% | 130 / 185
Earn points from challenges in the 2024 Seasonal: Split 3 group
ARAM Finesse
Top 7.7% | 95 / 140
Earn progress from challenges in the ARAM Finesse group
NA-RAM
Top 7% | 82 / 150
Win games
Leading by Example
Top 4.4% | 81 / 90
Get an assist streak of 12+ without dying
Always On Time
Top 3.9% | 75 / 150
Kill Epic Monsters within 30 seconds of spawn
Not Even Close
Top 25.1% | 71
Survive champion combat on single digit health
Masterful Performance
Top 5.3% | 64 / 75
Reach Masters tier on different challenges
Icon of the Rift
Top 10% | 63 / 100
Obtain Summoner Icons
Demolition
Top 5.7% | 60 / 80
Earn progress from challenges in the Demolition group
Emotive
Top 10.1% | 58 / 80
Obtain emotes
Player Diff
Top 1.2% | 47 / 65
Win games queued as Fill
The Fire Rises: 2024 Split 2
Top 7.3% | 34
Collect Infernal Cinders
Fashion Forward
Top 8.4% | 31 / 75
Collect champion skins
Three Buffed
Top 3.8% | 22 / 25
Take 3 of the first 4 buff camps
Bad Medicine
Top 7.5% | 21 / 45
Kill enemies recently healed by a health pack
Clutch Steal
Top 5.4% | 21 / 25
Steal Epic monsters
Aggressive Positioning
Top 7.9% | 21 / 35
Get multikills after flashing towards an enemy
The Most Dangerous Game
Top 3.7% | 19 / 35
As jungler, kill the enemy jungler in their jungle before 10 minutes
TY for Leash
Top 5.3% | 18 / 20
Steal an Epic Monster without Smite
All Random All Flawless
Top 9% | 17 / 20
Earn S grades or higher
Malfunction
Top 17.4% | 16 / 25
Win games
Let's Make This Quick
Top 19.1% | 12
Destroy the enemy nexus in less than 15 minutes
Lethal Efficiency
Top 8.2% | 12
Kill 80 minions within 10 minutes
Ladder Climber
Top 7.4% | 6 / 9
Earn rank in Solo/Duo Queue
Team Diff
Top 13.4% | 2
Score aces between minion spawn and 15 minutes
Variety's Overrated
Top 2.3% | 2
Win with a 5-stack of all one class
Epic Steal
Top 3.7% | 1
Steal two Epic Monsters in one game
PENTAKIIIIIIIIL!!
Top 8.8% | 1
Get Pentakills
Winhibitors
Top 10.7% | 1
Destroy all three enemy inhibitors in under 25 minutes
Solo Carry
Top 8.7% | 1
Deal 40%+ of your team's champion damage
We Protec
Top 5.3% | 1
Win with a 5-stack of 3+ <em>champs with heals or shields.</em>
Ice, Ice, Baby
Top 0.4% | 1
Win with a 5-stack of <em>champs from the Freljord</em>
A Honeyfruit a Day: 2024 Split 3
Top 8.4% | 5,212 / 7,000
Restore health through map-based healing sources
Connoisseur
Top 10% | 135 / 150
Earn progress from challenges in the Connoisseur group
Virtuoso
Top 5.2% | 90 / 100
Earn progress from challenges in the Virtuoso group
Jack of All Champs
Top 5% | 67 / 75
Win games with <em>different champions</em>
Treasure
Top 18.6% | 65 / 70
Earn progress from challenges in the Treasure group
Machine-Hunting Mercenary
Top 12.5% | 45 / 75
Earn progress from challenges in the Machine-Hunting Mercenary group
Perfectionist
Top 5.4% | 28 / 30
Earn an S+ grade with <em>different champions</em>
Best Friends Forever
Top 1.6% | 17 / 25
Get wins with a premade of 5
Master the Enemy (Legacy)
Top 2.5% | 15 / 25
Earn Mastery 7 on <em>different champions</em>
Fashionista
Top 6.3% | 14 / 15
Collect chromas
Nullify the Void: 2024 Split 2
Top 7.2% | 14 / 20
Takedown Void Monsters
Protean Override
Top 9.3% | 11 / 15
Win games with <em>different champions</em>
Master Support (Legacy)
Top 2.2% | 9 / 10
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>supports</em>
Nowhere is Safe
Top 15.7% | 6
Take down champions in their fountain
Ward Skin Collector
Top 14.8% | 5 / 10
Obtain ward skins
Captain Jack
Top 7.1% | 3
Cleanse an immobilizing effect within 0.25s
Forever Triumphant
Top 5.6% | 2
End season splits ranked Gold or higher
Stacks on Stacks on Stacks
Top 4.8% | 2
Fully stack Mejai's before 20 minutes
Damage Sponge
Top 11.8% | 1
In one fight, get kills while tanking all five enemies and survive
Snow Day
Top 12.9% | 96 / 150
Hit snowballs on champions
2024 Seasonal: Split 2
Top 10.1% | 55 / 60
Earn progress from challenges in the 2024 Seasonal: Split 2 group
Power Pair
Top 4.5% | 44 / 60
Win with a premade party of two in a ranked queue
Fashionably Late
Top 6.8% | 32 / 50
Get a takedown after teleporting to a >4 champion fight
Master Yourself
Top 5.5% | 23 / 30
Earn Mastery 5 on <em>different champions</em>
Fancy Garb
Top 9.5% | 14 / 25
Collect <em>epic champion skins</em>
All Random All Champions
Top 11.1% | 13 / 15
Earn an S- grade on <em>different champions</em>
Master Mage (Legacy)
Top 3.5% | 11 / 12
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>mages</em>
Master the Enemy
Top 2.4% | 8 / 15
Earn Mastery 10 on <em>different champions</em>
Active Participant
Top 7.1% | 8 / 10
Have over 90% Kill Participation in games
Go Shelly Go!
Top 5.4% | 7 / 20
Take 2 turrets with the same Rift Herald
Recursive
Top 5.4% | 7 / 10
Complete collection challenges
Master Mage
Top 1.4% | 6 / 12
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>mages</em>
I've Got You!
Top 2.5% | 6 / 12
Save an ally with a heal or shield
Ten Minute Turret
Top 8.5% | 4 / 5
Destroy the first turret in under 10 minutes
Master Marksman (Legacy)
Top 3.5% | 4 / 5
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>marksmen</em>
Master Support
Top 1.6% | 4 / 5
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>supports</em>
Dedicated Master: 2024 Split 3
Top 7.2% | 4 / 6
Earn Mastery Milestones
Legendary Wardrobe
Top 8.5% | 3 / 7
Collect <em>legendary champion skins</em>
That Drip
Top 13.4% | 2 / 3
Collect many skins for a single champion
Rapid Demolition
Top 11.1% | 2 / 3
Take the first turret before 5 min
Nice Try: 2024 Split 2
Top 10.1% | 1
Kill enemies under your own turret
Free Ticket to Base
Top 10.2% | 1
Execute to turret before 10 min
Robo Recall
Top 35.2% | 138 / 150
Get kills
Stun n Gun: 2024 Split 2
Top 9.9% | 12 / 15
Immobilize then takedown an enemy with an ally
Top Diff
Top 11.6% | 12 / 30
Win games as Top
Arena Brawler
Top 6.2% | 10 / 20
Deal the most damage to champions in the game
Champion Ocean: 2024 Split 3
Top 9.7% | 5 / 10
Win games with <em>different champions</em>
Vintage Look
Top 18% | 4 / 10
Collect <em>legacy champion skins</em>
Get Bo(t)died
Top 6.8% | 2 / 3
Win Co-Op vs. AI games without dying & 20% kill participation
Master Tank (Legacy)
Top 7% | 2 / 3
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>tanks</em>
Master Tank
Top 4.4% | 2 / 3
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>tanks</em>
Same Penta, Different Champ
Top 8.8% | 1 / 3
Get a Pentakill with <em>different champions</em>
Master Assassin
Top 5.1% | 1 / 5
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>assassins</em>
Master Fighter (Legacy)
Top 8.2% | 1 / 5
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>fighters</em>
Master Assassin (Legacy)
Top 7.8% | 1 / 5
Get Mastery 7 on different <em>assassins</em>
Master Marksman
Top 4.2% | 1 / 3
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>marksmen</em>
Master Fighter
Top 5.4% | 1 / 5
Get Mastery 10 on different <em>fighters</em>
Globetrotter
Top 100% | 25 / 50
Earn progress from challenges in the Globetrotter group
Glorious Evolution
Top 100% | 5 / 15
Earn progress from challenges in the Glorious Evolution group
Arena Champion Ocean
Top 100% | 1 / 8
Play Arena games with <em>different champions</em>